TUTORIAL - A
Mongolian language

Tutorial A-1

Note on pronunciation

Also see:

"Golden Key to Mongolian" 2005 Language Course CD + Book

Words

Popular / slang words

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
zgvgy dt$	yasan be?	what's up?
hkkh	khookh	wow
hffh	khuukh	wow
'ffh	pookh	wow
zypmga	yanztai	nice

Clothes

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
uemgl	gutal	boots
kabv	oims	socks
fb;	omd (umd)	pants
dkunyk fb;	bogino omd (bogen umd)	underpants
kjkklm	oroolt	scarf
hojtb	khurem	jacket
'k;.gl[n	podvalki (podvalk)	t-shirt
'oop	puuz (puudz)	sneakers (sport shoes)

Flora and fauna

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
ie.ee(y)	shuvuu(n)	bird, fowl
hgyugj,;	khangard	Garuda, King of Birds
bk;	mod	tree, woods, forest

Food

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
ifl(y)	shol(n)	soup
heeieej	khuushuur	fried mutton pancakes
de;gg	budaa	rice

Health

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
gyguggh ehggy	anagaakh ukhaan	medicine
bgyhgu	mankhag	medicine bag

Religion

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
iginy	shashin	religion
lgbsy iginy	lamin shashin	(the) Lamaist religion
Hjnvmkvsy iginy	Khristosin shashin	(the) Christian religion
iginy iomtux	shashin shutegch	(a) religious believer
iomltumty	shutlegten	(a) religious believer
lglsy iginy iomtux	lal(i)n shashin shutegts	(a) believer of Islam
lglsy bfjuflmfy	lalin murgultun	(a) believer of Islam
dn iginyuoa hoy	bi shashingui khün	I am an atheïst
dgui	bagsh [bagshi]	teacher
hojtt(y)	khuree(n)	monastery
hna;	khiid	monastery
lgb	lam	lama, monk
hgj lgb	khar lam	Christian priest (black lama)
hgyugj,;	khangard	Garuda, King of Birds
hgbugglgux dggmgj	khamgaalagch baatar	protecting deity (protector hero)
dejhgy	burkhan	the Buddha, an image of the Buddha, God
dejhgy dgui	burkhan	Gautama Buddha
vghnev	sakhius	talisman, amulet, protecting spirit, god
hemgum	khutagt	saint
hg;gu	khadag	a scarf, in Mongolia often blue, which is used in religious ceremonies and when gift are given
dezy	buyan	religious or moral merit

List of verbs

Infinitive	stem	present future	transcription (infinitive)	English
grnllgh	grnl	grnllgz	adjil	work
vejgh	vej	vej]g	surakh	study (at a university)

Similar words

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
hggy	khaan	king (like Chinggis Khaan - also known as Djengis Khan)
hgyg	khana	wall
hggyg	khaana	where
Hgygy ;ttj hggyg hggy dgayg .t$	khanan deer khaana khaan baina ve?	Where on the wall is the king?
vob	süm	temple
veb	sum [som]	unit of administration
ool	üül	cloud
eel	uul [ool]	mountain

Grammar

Possession

Possession is indicated with the suffix -ys

So it is:

In Cyrillic script	roman transcription	English translation
vgjys utjtl	sarni gerel	moonlight (the moons light)
ygjys utjtl	narni gerel	sunlight (the suns light)
lggys utjtl	laani gerel	candlelight (the candles light)
mgys	tani	your (polite form)
mgys wgu	tani tsag	your watch
tyt mgys wgu ee$	ene tani tsag uu?	is this your watch?

Note on pronunciation

Please be aware that the roman transcription that I have presented here, is not a pronunciation key. It is just the most common transcription. For a better idea of the pronunciation, please see Language Tutorial. Here are some additional pronunciation keys:

h {kh} = the `h´ in have , the Spanish `j´ in hijo (the Dutch `g´ in gaan) or somewhere in between

ga {ai} = the `ai´ in pain

a y {n} at the end of a word is pronounced as a `ng´. If a word ends with -yg it is pronounced as `-n´

== Many thanks to ==
Hishgue, Guree, Chimeg, Small Baagii.

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